How popular is the baby name Martha in the United States right now? How popular was it historically? Use the popularity graph and data table below to find out! Plus, see all the blog posts that mention the name Martha.

The graph will take a few moments to load. (Don't worry, it shouldn't take 9 months!) If it's taking too long, try reloading the page.


Popularity of the baby name Martha


Posts that mention the name Martha

Unusual real names: Mareli, Marella, Marmary

While putting together Monday’s post on Louvima, I found a few other interesting names in Notes & Queries, so I thought I’d do a follow-up post.

Mr. Cuthbert Bede, the person who started the N&Q conversation on Louvima, actually had more to say about unusual names. Here’s the rest of his letter:

It may be remembered that Sydney Smith invented a new name, Saba, for his daughter (‘Memoirs,’ vol. i p. 22). I once invented a name, Mareli, which was intended as an amalgam of the names Mary Elizabeth. I did this for the purposes of a little story, in which the father of the baby girl has asked two wealthy maiden aunts to be the two godmothers; and he proposes to call the baby Mary Elizabeth; after the respective Christian names of the two aunts. Miss Mary Ricketts consents to this, and promises to give her godchild a handsome present. Miss Elizabeth Meagrim will do the same, provided that the baby is named Elizabeth Mary instead of Mary Elizabeth. Miss Ricketts will not yield; and at the last the father finds a way out of the difficulty by inventing the amalgam Mareli, with which combination the two aunts are satisfied. This little tale was published in a six-shilling volume, ‘The Curate of Cranston, with other Prose and Verse,’ by Cuthbert Bede (Saunders, Otley & Co., 1862). In the obituary of the Times, April 2, 1870, appeared the following;–

“On the 30th ult. at Eastbourne Priory, near Midhurst, Mary Elizabeth (Mareli), third daughter of Francis and Martha Tallant, in her ninth year.”

I conclude that the parents had read my story, and called their child Mareli as a pet name.

The next month, two responses were printed. One was from J. M. Cowper:

Cuthbert Bede’s note on this name reminds me of similar Christian names I have met with while preparing the registers of St. Alphage, Canterbury, for the press. In 1706 Louina Backer was baptized, where probably u=v. If so the name is Lovina. In 1730 Lovevina Cooper was christened, and in 1769 I find a Levina Cramp. Possibly the whole of these may be variants of Lavinia. If not, the first and second go far to prove that Sir Francis Knollys has narrowly escaped “appropriating” an invention of the last century.

The other was from E. Venables:

“Pereant qui ante nos nostra dixerunt.” If Cuthbert Bede coined the name Mareli for one of his fictitious heroines, a very similar name was coined for a real person long before his facile and amusing pen began to be exercised. A lady well known to visitors of Ventnor thirty or forty years ago, the wife of Rev. J. Noble Coleman, incumbent of St. Catherine’s Church, bore the name “Marella,” which was evidently formed in the same way by the combination of portions of two Christian names. I can mention another example. When dining, five-and-thirty years back, wich that excellent archaeologist and accurate editor the late H. T. Riley, I met a young lady who, to my surprise, answered to the name “Marmary.” Asking my host whether I had heard the name aright, he told me that the young lady had been so called after two godmothers, one of whom was named Martha, and the other Mary, her own name combining the two.

Here’s a little more information on Saba: She was born in 1802 and her father, Sydney Smith, was a well-known clergyman and writer. According to a biography of Sydney Smith, Saba was a place-name picked out of the Bible (Psalm 72:10). The name “was bestowed on her in obedience to her father’s conviction that, where parents were constrained to give their child so indistinctive a surname as Smith, they ought to counterbalance it with a Christian name more original and vivacious.”

Sources:

  • Bede, Cuthbert. “Louvima, a New Christian Name.” Notes & Queries 7 Jul. 1888: 6.
  • Cowper, J. M. “Louvima, a New Christian Name.” Notes & Queries 4 Aug. 1888: 97.
  • Russell, George W. E. Sydney Smith. London: Macmillan, 1905.
  • Venables, E. “Louvima, a New Christian Name.” 4 Aug. 1888: 97-98.

Babies born in captivity, named Captivity

"The Abduction of Daniel Boone's Daughter by the Indians" (1853)

During the 1600s and 1700s, English settlers in New England were periodically attacked by Native Americans (those that were allies of the French). The New Englanders taken captive were then forcibly marched into Canada.

On a few occasions, babies were born to the captives — either during the journey north, or while in Canada. A handful of these babies were given names to reflect their circumstances. Here are the ones I know of:

Canada Wait & Captivity Jennings (1678)

Twenty-one captives were taken during an Indian raid on Hadley, MA, on September 19, 1677. The party reached Canada in early January. While there, two members of the group gave birth. Martha Wait had a baby girl on January 22 and named her Canada Wait, and Hannah Jennings had a baby girl on March 14 and named her Captivity Jennings.

The captives were released later that spring. Both babies lived to adulthood. Canada Wait is the great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandmother of Sarah Palin, in fact.

Captivity Smead (1746)

Thirty captives were taken during the Siege of Fort Massachusetts on August 20, 1746. Two days later, captive Mary Smead gave birth to a baby girl and named her Captivity Smead. The party reached Canada in September. Mary died in March of 1747, and Captivity died in May.

The 14 surviving members of the group were released a couple of months later.

Elizabeth Captive Johnson (1754)

Eight captives were taken during an Indian raid on Fort at Number 4 in New Hampshire on August 30, 1754. One day later, captive Susanna Johnson gave birth to a baby girl and named her Elizabeth Captive Johnson. The party reached Canada in September.

In mid-1757, Susanna Johnson and some of her family members were released. Elizabeth Captive lived to adulthood, becoming the great-grandmother of Frederick Billings.

Susanna’s account of the ordeal, A Narrative of the Captivity of Mrs. Johnson (1796), became popular. Throughout the book she referred to her daughter by the name Captive — never by Elizabeth.

Sources:

  • Judd, Sylvester. History of Hadley. Springfield, Massachusetts: H. R. Huntting & Company, 1905.
  • Niles, Grace Greylock. The Hoosac Valley. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1912.

Image: “The Abduction of Daniel Boone’s Daughter by the Indians” (1853) by Karl Ferdinand Wimar

What turned Calamity into a baby name in 1956?

The character Calamity from the TV series "Buffalo Bill, Jr." (1955-1956).
Calamity from “Buffalo Bill, Jr.

The rare name Calamity has popped up in the U.S. baby name data twice, both times in the 1950s:

  • 1958: unlisted
  • 1957: 8 baby girls named Calamity
  • 1956: 11 baby girls named Calamity [debut]
  • 1955: unlisted
  • 1954: unlisted

Why?

At first I thought the explanation was the 1953 movie Calamity Jane, but I couldn’t account for that gap between the movie’s release and the name’s rise in usage.

Then I discovered a short-lived TV western called Buffalo Bill, Jr. (1955-1956). The show’s main characters were siblings Bill — the teenage marshal of a fictional town in Texas — and his kid sister, Calamity. The orphaned pair had been adopted by a Texas judge who’d re-named them after the historical figures Buffalo Bill Cody and Calamity Jane.

What are your thoughts on “Calamity” as a baby name?

Source: Buffalo Bill Jr. – Western Clippings

P.S. The thing that prompted me to write about this name today was a recent road trip to South Dakota, where I got a chance to see Calamity Jane’s grave (at Mt. Moriah Cemetery in Deadwood). Did you know that her birth name was actually Martha? Here’s a photo:

Photo of Calamity Jane's headstone, taken by Nancy.
Calamity Jane’s headstone

Where did the baby name Rainelle come from in 1949?

Rainell

We know that baby names have been inspired by missing children (e.g., Caylee Anthony, Kyron Horman, Natalee Holloway). Sadly, they’ve also been inspired by murdered children.

One example is Rainelle. The baby name Rainelle was given to 46 baby girls all of a sudden in 1949, making it a top debut name that year.

  • 1951: 15 baby girls named Rainelle
  • 1950: 14 baby girls named Rainelle
  • 1949: 46 baby girls named Rainelle [debut]
  • 1948: unlisted
  • 1947: unlisted

Similar baby girl names to debut that year were Rainell, Ranell, and Raenelle.

So, who was the victim?

Rainell Karel Downing, a 2-year-old from Michigan who was murdered in February of 1949. She and her mother Deliphene were victims of the Lonely Hearts Killers Raymond Fernandez and Martha Beck.

Mrs. Beck admitted drowning the child, Rainelle [sic] Downing, in a tub of water after Fernandez had killed her mother, Mrs. Delphine [sic] Downing.

(Many newspapers misspelled their names “Rainelle” and “Delphine” repeatedly.)

After a highly sensationalized trial, Fernandez and Beck were found guilty of first-degree murder in August. Both were executed by electric chair about a year and a half later.

Poor Rainell didn’t live long, but it’s nice to think that her name lives on.

Source: “Jury Convicts ‘Hearts’ Pair of Murder.” Reading Eagle 18 Aug. 1949: 1+.