The ancient name Cybele first appeared in the U.S. baby name data in relatively modern times — the 1960s.
1965: 14 baby girls named Cybele
1964: 16 baby girls named Cybele
1963: 15 baby girls named Cybele [debut]
1962: unlisted
1961: unlisted
The variant spelling Cybelle debuted the same year.
Where did they come from?
A 1962 French film called Les dimanches de Ville d’Avray (The Sundays of Ville d’Avray), which was later re-titled for English audiences: Sundays and Cybèle. It won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in April of 1963.
The movie followed an emotionally damaged war veteran named Pierre (played by Hardy Krüger) as he starts an innocent friendship with a neglected schoolgirl named Cybèle (played by 11-year-old Patricia Gozzi). Their relationship “ultimately ignites the suspicion and anger of his friends and neighbors in suburban Paris,” with tragic results.
Cybele was pronounced sih-BELL by the American media at the time. The name ultimately comes from the name of the Greco-Roman mother goddess, Cybele.
According to Uruguay’s Dirección Nacional de Identificación Civil (DNIC), the most popular baby names in the country in 2020 were technically Emma and Juan.
But if accented “María” and unaccented “Maria” had been counted together, María would have easily taken the #1 spot.
Uruguay’s baby name rankings consist of girl and boy names mixed together on a single list. The data mostly represents first-name usage, but does include some second-name usage as well. (This is because the rankings are created from Uruguayan identity card data, and Uruguayans are permitted to add up to two given names to their ID cards.)
That said, here are Uruguay’s top 100+ baby names of 2020:
Juan, 861 babies
Emma, 682
Mateo, 611
María, 564
Julieta, 495
Martina, 477
Felipe, 460
Lorenzo, 408
Isabella, 400
Catalina, 383
Maria, 378
Sofía, 372
Emilia, 358
Thiago, 354
Santino, 347
Lucas, 334
Dante, 330
Lautaro, 327
Delfina, 320
Benjamín, 315
Bautista, 312 (tie)
Santiago, 312 (tie)
Olivia, 310
Joaquín, 259
Zoe, 249
Emily, 236 (tie)
Paulina, 236 (tie)
Francisco, 235
Renata, 233
Francesca, 227
Bruno, 222 (tie)
Luis, 222 (tie)
Carlos, 220 (tie)
Clara, 220 (tie)
Facundo, 215
Emiliano, 211
Valentino, 209
Ana, 208
Mía, 203
Valentina, 199
Josefina, 194 (3-way tie)
Juana, 194 (3-way tie)
Maite, 194 (3-way tie)
Agustina, 192 (tie)
Tomás, 192 (tie)
Luciano, 188
Alfonsina, 186 (tie)
Bastian, 186 (tie)
Enzo, 184
Dylan, 182
Agustín, 180
Nahitan, 175
Jorge, 172
Bianca, 170
Valentín, 167
Liam, 164
Mia, 161
José, 160
Renzo, 159
Franco, 155 (tie)
Manuel, 155 (tie)
Benicio, 154
Ian, 152
Ignacio, 150
Camila, 149
Victoria, 148
Diego, 143
Oriana, 142
Pedro, 140
Milagros, 137
Alma, 131 (tie)
Pilar, 131 (tie)
Camilo, 129 (3-way tie)
Guillermo, 129 (3-way tie)
Vicente, 129 (3-way tie)
Noah, 128
Ciro, 127 (tie)
Julia, 127 (tie)
Salvador, 126
Alfonso, 125
Ramiro, 124
Daniel, 120
Máximo, 117
Faustino, 115
Jose, 114
Samuel, 113
Faustina, 111
Alejandro, 110
Federico, 109
Genaro, 107
Maia, 106 (tie)
Pablo, 106 (tie)
Lara, 105
Sofia, 103
Guillermina, 102
Ámbar, 100
Eduardo, 99
Lucía, 98
Federica, 96 (tie)
Tadeo, 96 (tie)
Theo (95)
Luciana, 94 (tie)
Sara, 94 (tie)
Tiziano, 92
Alexander, 91 (tie)
Rafael, 91 (tie)
Julián, 90 (3-way tie)
Luana, 90 (3-way tie)
Nicolás, 90 (3-way tie)
Benjamin, 88
Aitana, 86 (3-way tie)
Bruna, 86 (3-way tie)
Leonardo, 86 (3-way tie)
Florencia, 85
Rodrigo, 84
David, 83 (4-way tie)
Gael, 83 (4-way tie)
Joaquina, 83 (4-way tie)
Matías, 83 (4-way tie)
Miguel, 80
Gabriel, 79 (tie)
Jazmín, 79 (tie)
Alex, 78 (tie)
Axel, 78 (tie)
(I went down far enough to ensure that at least fifty girl names were included…and then a little farther, because that 2-way tie between the 4-letter anagram names Alex and Axel is kind of adorable. :)
I’ve never looked at rankings for Uruguay before, so I don’t have past rankings to compare these to. But here are a few of the names from lower down on the list:
35 babies were named Celeste, which is the nickname (El Celeste, “the sky-blue”) of Uruguay’s national soccer team.
11 were named Edinson, which is the first name of Uruguayan soccer player Edinson Cavani.
8 were named Nairobi, which is a female character from the popular Spanish-language TV series La casa de papel (English title: Money Heist).
2 were named Tabaré, which was the first name of Uruguayan president Tabaré Vázquez (who both left office and passed away in 2020).
The name comes from Uruguayan literature: The main character of the epic poem Tabaré (1888) by Juan Zorrilla de San Martín is an indigenous Charrúa man named Tabaré.
Finally, because Uruguay releases all of its baby name data, we can check out the unique names at the other end of the spectrum as well. Here’s a selection Uruguay’s single-use baby names of 2020:
The baby name Esty (a diminutive of Esther) is primarily used in the state of New York, thanks to the large Jewish community in New York City.
But the name was also featured in the Emmy-winning Netflix series Unorthodox a couple of years ago. So, last year, I checked the Esty data (both the national data and the New York data) to see if the show had influenced the name’s usage.
It may have — Esty did indeed see its highest-ever usage both nationally and in New York in 2020. Even more intriguingly, though, I noticed what seemed to be gaps in the recent NY data. Specifically, New York had no data on the name Esty for the years 2016, 2018, and 2019.
Check it out:
Esty usage in the U.S.
Esty usage in New York
2021
63
57
2020
68
60
2019
59
…
2018
41
…
2017
36
36
2016
43
…
2015
39
37
2014
37
35
I mean, It’s possible that the New York usage of Esty simply dropped below the 5-baby minimum during those particular years. As per the SSA:
To safeguard privacy, we exclude from our tabulated lists of names those that would indicate, or would allow the ability to determine, names with fewer than 5 occurrences in any geographic area.
If that were the case, though, you’d expect to see corresponding dips in the national usage. And we don’t see that here.
It seems more likely to me that some of the New York data is simply…missing.
So the next question is: Are there gaps in the NY data for other names as well?
The boy name Cheskel (a form of Chatzkel, which is based on Ezekiel) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 5 years straight:
Cheskel usage in the U.S.
Cheskel usage in New York
2021
29
29
2020
18
…
2019
27
…
2018
30
…
2017
23
…
2016
27
…
2015
22
21
2014
25
23
The girl name Chany (a diminutive of Channah) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 4 years straight:
Chany usage in the U.S.
Chany usage in New York
2021
65
58
2020
56
…
2019
60
…
2018
55
…
2017
56
…
2016
55
55
2015
44
43
2014
42
41
The boy name Naftuli (based on the Biblical name Naphtali) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 4 years straight:
Naftuli usage in the U.S.
Naftuli usage in New York
2021
29
29
2020
33
…
2019
33
…
2018
27
…
2017
24
…
2016
33
33
2015
24
22
2014
29
25
The girl name Idy didn’t appear in the New York state data for 4 years:
Idy usage in the U.S.
Idy usage in New York
2021
46
…
2020
47
47
2019
31
26
2018
29
…
2017
26
…
2016
25
…
2015
17
16
2014
15
13
The boy name Shmiel (a form of Shmuel, which is based on Samuel) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 4 years:
Shmiel usage in the U.S.
Shmiel usage in New York
2021
40
40
2020
45
…
2019
38
38
2018
31
…
2017
35
…
2016
44
…
2015
44
44
2014
38
37
The girl name Yides (a diminutive of Yehudit, which is a form of Judith) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 4 years:
Yides usage in the U.S.
Yides usage in New York
2021
39
…
2020
34
34
2019
51
…
2018
32
32
2017
39
…
2016
35
…
2015
42
42
2014
38
38
The boy name Berl didn’t appear in the New York state data for 4 years:
Berl usage in the U.S.
Berl usage in New York
2021
19
…
2020
17
17
2019
23
23
2018
18
…
2017
16
…
2016
22
…
2015
21
21
2014
19
18
The girl name Frady (a diminutive of Freyde) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 3 years straight:
Frady usage in the U.S.
Frady usage in New York
2021
25
25
2020
22
…
2019
23
…
2018
21
…
2017
21
21
2016
20
20
2015
17
14
2014
19
19
The girl name Pessy (a diminutive of Batya, which is a form of the Biblical name Bithiah) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 3 years:
Pessy usage in the U.S.
Pessy usage in New York
2021
63
51
2020
62
…
2019
41
…
2018
54
46
2017
41
33
2016
34
…
2015
46
45
2014
42
40
The boy name Lipa (a short form of Lipman, which is based on the name Liberman) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 3 years:
Lipa usage in the U.S.
Lipa usage in New York
2021
50
44
2020
48
43
2019
53
…
2018
44
38
2017
37
…
2016
42
…
2015
43
40
2014
50
50
The boy name Usher (a form of Asher) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 3 years:
Usher usage in the U.S.
Usher usage in New York
2021
41
36
2020
37
…
2019
58
…
2018
36
29
2017
34
…
2016
41
35
2015
45
40
2014
31
28
The boy name Avrum (a form of Abraham) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 3 years:
Avrum usage in the U.S.
Avrum usage in New York
2021
42
34
2020
37
28
2019
24
…
2018
29
24
2017
27
…
2016
25
…
2015
17
16
2014
23
22
The boy name Lazer (a form of Eliezer) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 3 years:
Lazer usage in the U.S.
Lazer usage in New York
2021
40
…
2020
37
31
2019
45
39
2018
29
…
2017
28
…
2016
43
35
2015
29
28
2014
33
31
The boy name Yossi (a diminutive of Yosef) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 3 years:
Yossi usage in the U.S.
Yossi usage in New York
2021
35
29
2020
30
…
2019
23
18
2018
30
24
2017
21
…
2016
29
…
2015
20
19
2014
25
19
The girl name Goldy (a diminutive of Golda) didn’t appear in the New York state data for 2 years:
Goldy usage in the U.S.
Goldy usage in New York
2021
69
57
2020
63
53
2019
51
44
2018
62
54
2017
56
…
2016
46
…
2015
48
42
2014
28
22
And, finally, the boy name Nachman didn’t appear in the New York state data for 2 years:
Nachman usage in the U.S.
Nachman usage in New York
2021
27
18
2020
23
17
2019
18
…
2018
20
12
2017
21
…
2016
21
16
2015
28
24
2014
27
20
If the gap years matched up more closely with one another — as with the glitch of 1989, for instance — I could chalk it up to a few incomplete batches of data.
But they don’t, so…I don’t know what to make of this.
Do you guys have any thoughts, or theories?
(If you’d like to examine the New York data for yourself, download the “State-specific data” file from the SSA website.)
Heather Marné Williams-Young is named after Marné Whitaker Tuttle. According to legend, Marné Whitaker Tuttle’s mother named her Marne (with no accent) after the French town on the frontlines of World War I, thinking Marne, which rhymes with barn, was a beautiful name.
But Marné disagreed, so she added the acute accent over the e, and pronounced it “Mar-nay.” “There is nothing more Utah to me than women of a certain generation trying make their names more French by putting accents places they shouldn’t be,” Williams-Young says.
[Marné Tuttle (1920-2014), the wife of LDS church leader A(lbert) Theodore Tuttle, served as “temple matron” in the Provo Utah Temple in the early 1980s. During that time, Heather’s mother worked as a Temple employee. Both Heather’s mother and Heather’s mother’s roommate ended up giving their future daughters the middle name Marné.]
“There are a handful of us around Utah County who were all named after the same woman with the made-up name,” Williams-Young says. “I feel such a kinship with them.”
[One of Marné Tuttle’s own daughters, Clarissa, was also given Marné as a middle.]
While it is hard to tell exactly how important the meaning of name elements were, it seems likely that people were aware, to some extent, that names carried some kind of meaning. Indeed, one of the most famous, or infamous, Anglo-Saxons is most often known to us today as Ethelred the Unready, the king who lost his kingdom to Cnut. However, the name Ethelred signified ‘noble counsel’. So, when his contemporaries labelled him Æðelræd Unræd they were not calling him ‘unready’, but using the meaning of his name to mock his lack of good counsel. Similarly, when Archbishop Wulfstan entitled his homily to the English people ‘Sermon of the Wolf to the English’, he was clearly doing so in the knowledge that the first part of his name did not just sound like, but signified, ‘wolf’. Surely it cannot be coincidence that ‘rich’, ‘strong’ and ‘beautiful’ were used in names, where ‘poor’, ‘weak’ and ‘ugly’ were not.
A feature of this naming system was flexibility. There was a finite number of elements, but they could be combined in a multitude of ways. This meant that, in essence, a name was created for, rather than given to, each person. So, while elements could be repeated to emphasize parentage and family links, there was very little repetition of full names and it would be unlikely that any two people within a community or family would have the same name.
From an article about a Georgia man whose name, Neal, came from a POW bracelet:
His father, the late John Carpenter, was an aircraft mechanic in the Navy and was deployed overseas at the time. He arrived home in time for his son’s birth. When it became necessary to scramble and find a boy’s name, John Carpenter looked down at the POW/MIA bracelet he was wearing.
The engraved name was Neal Clinton Ward Jr. He had been listed as Missing in Action since June 13, 1969. An airman, his plane had been shot down over Laos in the jungles of Southeast Asia, nine days before his 24th birthday.
The Carpenters named their son Neal Ward Carpenter.
(Neal’s mom had been convinced the baby would be a girl. Neal said: “I was going to be April Michelle, and that’s all there was to it.”)
My friend gave her baby the middle name “Swift” because her labor was so quick.
Our friends chose the middle name “Buffalo” for their son because it was his dad’s nickname growing up. “It took my husband nine months to convince me,” my friend told me. “Then, in the middle of the night after signing the birth certificate, I had a mild panic attack at the hospital. Now I love it.”
My grandfather hated tattoos. He used to tell his standard stories and would say only people who had tattoos in ‘his day’ were sailors. He said their tattoos always said either ‘death before dishonor’ or ‘true love Mabel.’ He always used Mabel as the example name. I’m not sure why. He died in 2013. We named our daughter Mabel as a nod to him.
Some first names can be very helpful in providing an approximate birth date for an individual if you are unsure. I once researched a family with sons Foch, Petain and Joffre – all Marshals of France during WWI, effectively ‘dating’ them to around 1914-18.
Another example with less specific dates is the girl’s name ‘Adelaide’ which became popular with Adelaide, wife of William IV (born 1792, crowned Queen Consort 1831 and died 1849) and then fell in popularity – but importantly for red herring purposes didn’t disappear completely – after the turn of the century.
His great grandad on his mother’s side was called Aston, so my wife told me, and so that became his middle name.
It wasn’t until a few months after his birth that my wife’s dad asked me about where the name came from.
Surprised, I told him that he took the family name of Aston. “You know, after his great grandad?!”
“Oh,” he replied. “But that wasn’t his name. That was his nickname. His mates called him Aston because he was the only Aston Villa supporter in the West End of Newcastle!”
In my book that makes his middle name even better.
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