How popular is the baby name Constant in the United States right now? How popular was it historically? Use the popularity graph and data table below to find out! Plus, see all the blog posts that mention the name Constant.
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I can’t play a prank on you for April Fools’ Day, but I can give you a list of personal names that seem like pranks.
Except, they’re not.
All of the below are legit first & last names that belonged to real people — often multiple people. (In parentheses I’ve added rough estimates of how many instances I’ve come across so far.)
The image above, of the Boulevard du Temple in Paris, was captured in early 1838 by Louis Daguerre, inventor of the daguerreotype.
It may be the earliest surviving photograph of a person. Two people, actually. Both are in the lower left.
Here’s a close-up:
The standing man is getting his shoe shined, and the other man (partially obscured) is doing the shoe-shining.
Of all the people on the sidewalk that day, these were the only two to stay still long enough (about 10 minutes) to be captured in the image.
Now for the fun part!
What would you name these two Frenchmen?
Let’s pretend you’re writing a book set in Paris in the 1830s, and these are two of your characters. What names would you give them?
Here’s a long list of traditional French male names, to get you started:
Abel Absolon Achille Adam Adolphe Adrien Aimé Alain Alban Albert Alexandre Alfred Alphonse Amaury Amroise Amédée Anatole André Anselme Antoine Antonin Apollinaire Ariel Aristide Armand Arnaud Arsène Arthur Aubert Aubin Auguste Augustin Aurèle Aurélien Baptiste Barnabé Barthélémy Basile Bastien Benjamin Benoit Bernard Bertrand Blaise Boniface Bruno Calixte Camille Céleste Célestin Césaire César Charles Christian Christophe
Clair Claude Clément Clovis Constant Constantin Corentin Corin Corneille Cosme Cyril Damien Daniel David Denis Déodat Désiré Didier Dieudonné Dimitri Diodore Dominique Donat Donatien Edgar Edgard Edmé Edmond Édouard Élie Eloi Émeric Émile Émilien Emmanuel Enzo Éric Ermenegilde Ernest Ethan Étienne Eugène Eustache Évariste Évrard Fabien Fabrice Félicien Félix Ferdinand Fernand Fiacre Firmin Florence Florent
Florentin Florian Francis François Frédéric Gabriel Gaël Gaëtan Gaspard Gaston Gaubert Geoffroy Georges Gérard Géraud Germain Gervais Ghislain Gilbert Gilles Gratien Grégoire Guatier Guillaume Gustave Guy Hector Henri Herbert Hercule Hervé Hilaire Hippolyte Honoré Horace Hubert Hugues Humbert Hyacinthe Ignace Irénée Isidore Jacques Jason Jean Jérémie Jérôme Joachim Jocelyn Joël Jonathan Joseph Josse Josué Jourdain
Jules Julien Juste Justin Laurent Laurentin Lazare Léandre Léo Léon Léonard Léonce Léonide Léopold Lionel Loïc Lothaire Louis Loup Luc Lucas Lucien Lucrèce Ludovic Maël Marc Marcel Marcellin Marin Marius Martin Mathieu Mathis Matthias Maurice Maxence Maxime Maximilien Michaël Michel Modeste Narcisse Nathan Nathanaël Nazaire Nicéphore Nicodème Nicolas Noé Noël Norbert Odilon Olivier Onésime Pascal
Patrice Paul Philippe Pierre Placide Pons Prosper Quentin Rainier Raoul Raphaël Raymond Régis Rémy René Reynaud Richard Robert Roch Rodolphe Rodrigue Roger Roland Romain Rosaire Ruben Salomon Samuel Sébastien Séraphin Serge Sévère Séverin Simon Sylvain Sylvestre Télesphore Théodore Théophile Thibault Thierry Thomas Timothée Toussaint Urbain Valentin Valère Valéry Vespasien Victor Vincent Vivien Xavier Yves Zacharie
For some real-life inspiration, here are lists of famous 19th century and 20th century French people, courtesy of Wikipedia. Notice that many of the Frenchman have double-barreled, triple-barreled, even quadruple-barreled given names. (Daguerre himself was named Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre.)
In yesterday’s post I mentioned that, up until the 1960s, the citizens of France were forced to obey a restrictive baby name law that was enacted in 1803.
Why did that law exist?
In order to curb the very non-traditional baby naming practices that had evolved during the years of the French Revolution.
It all started in September of 1792, one day before the French National Convention abolished the monarchy. On that day, a decree was issued. The decree allowed the citizens of France to change their forenames quite easily — all they had to do was “make a simple formal declaration before the registrar of their local municipality.”
Many people took advantage of this decree and chose new names with a revolutionary flavor (i.e., names that referred to nature, to the new republican calendar,* to republican virtues, to republican heroes, or to antiquity).
And, of course, they started giving their children revolutionary names as well.
Examples of these names include…
Name
Translation/Significance
Abeille
“Bee” / refers to the date Germinal 15 (Apr. 4)
Abricot
“Apricot” / refers to the date Thermidor 13 (Jul. 31)
“Poplar” / refers to the date Pluviôse 9 (Jan. 28)
Philippe Thomas Ve de bon coeur pour la République
Philippe Thomas “Go with a good heart for the Republic”
Phytogynéantrope
according to one source, it’s “Greek for a woman giving birth only to warrior sons”
Pomme
“Apple” / refers to the date Brumaire 1 (Oct. 22)
Porte-arme
“Weapon-holder”
Racine de la Liberté
“Root of Freedom”
Raifort
“Horseradish” / refers to the date Frimaire 12 (Dec. 2)
Raison
“Reason”
Régénérée Vigueur
“Regenerated Strength”
Rhubarbe
“Rhubarb” / refers to the date Floréal 11 (Apr. 30)
Robespierre
refers to politician Maximilien Robespierre
Sans Crainte
“Without Fear”
Scipion l’Africain
refers to ancient Roman general Scipio Africanus
Seigle
“Rye” / refers to the date Messidor 1 (Jun. 19)
Simon Liberté ou la Mort
Simon “Freedom or Death”
Spartacus
refers to ancient Roman gladiator and military leader Spartacus
Sureau
“Elderberry” / refers to the date Prairial 17 (Jun. 5)
Thermidor
based on thermon, Greek for “summer heat” / one of the summertime months of the republican calendar
Travail
“Work”
Tubéreuse
“Tuberose” / refers to the date Fructidor 6 (Aug. 23)
Unitée Impérissable
“Imperishable Unity”
Vengeur Constant
“Constant Avenger”
Victoire Fédérative
“Federal Victory”
Though it’s impossible to estimate just how many revolution-era babies got revolutionary names, the number seems to be well into the thousands, judging by statements like these:
“[I]n the winter and spring of 1794 at least 60 per cent of children received revolutionary names in Marseilles, Montpellier, Nevers, and Rouen.”
“[I]n Poitiers…only 62 of 593 babies born in the year II [1793-94] were named after saints in the ancien régime manner. Instead, they were given names reflecting the contrasting sources of political inspiration.”
About a decade later, however, all this creative naming came to an end.
Under Napoleon Bonaparte, the French government enacted a law that restricted French given names to “names used in various calendars” (that is, the names of Catholic saints) and “names of persons known from ancient history.” In essence, the law was meant to “put an end to citizens bearing absurd names that signified inanimate objects, forms of vegetation, membership of the animal kingdom and abstract concepts.”
….And this was the law that gave the Manrot-le Goarnic family so much difficulty when they tried to give their children Breton names a century and a half later.
*The French republican calendar, in use from 1793 to 1806, was a secular take on the Catholic Church’s calendar of saints. The months “were named after natural elements, while each day was named for a seed, tree, flower, fruit, animal, or tool.”
Bruria Kaufman (b. 1918) – American theoretical physicist.
Bunnatine “Bunny” Greenhouse (b. circa 1944) – Halliburton whistleblower.
Calbraith Perry “Cal” Rodgers (b. 1879) – made the first flight across the U.S. (in multiple legs) during 1911.
Calvary Morris (b. 1798) – U.S. Representative from Ohio.
Camoralza Hagler Spahr (b. 1826) – politician from Ohio.
Canvass White (b. 1790) – American civil engineer.
Carr Van Anda (b. 1864) – managing editor of the New York Times.
Catulle Mendès (b. 1841) – French writer.
Cavada Humphrey (b. 1919) – U.S. actress.
Cedella “Ciddy” Marley Booker (b. 1926) – mother of Bob Marley.
Chalkley “Chalk” Beeson (b. 1848) – owned the Long Branch Saloon in Dodge City, Kansas.
Chamintney Stovall Thomas (b. 1899) – Alabama Women’s Hall of Fame inductee.
Cherubusco Newton (b. 1848) – U.S. Representative from Louisiana.
Chloethiel Woodard Smith (b. 1910) – architect and urban planner.
Ciallagalena “Lena” Cobb Williams (b. circa 1900) – from Faubourg Tremé (New Orleans).
Civilla Martin (b. 1866) – Canadian-American hymn writer.
Clairève Grandjouan (b. 1929) – archaeologist from France.
Claricia (13th century) – German illuminator:
D-Cady Herrick (b. 1846) – politician from New York.
Daeida Wilcox Beveridge (b. 1861) – founded and named Hollywood.
Dakota Starblanket “Cody” Wolfchild – the first baby to be breastfed on television (specifically, on Sesame Street in 1977).
Davenie Johanna “Joey” Heatherton (b. 1944) – U.S. actress.
De La Mancha “Mancha” Bruggemeyer (b. 1865 in England) – Chicago judge.
Delarivier Manley (d. 1724) – (female) English novelist.
Delazon Smith (b. 1816) – Senator from Oregon.
deLesseps Story Morrison (b. 1912) – mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana from 1946 to 1961.
Delloreese Patricia Early (b. 1931) – American actress (stage name Della Reese).
De Sacia Mooers (b. 1888) – silent film actress from Michigan.
Devorguille de Burgh (13th century) – English noblewoman.
Diocletian “Dio” Lewis (b. 1823) – early exercise advocate, from New York. (He wrote about the importance of physical training for both sexes in The Atlantic in 1862.)
Falconer Madan (b. 1851) – librarian at the Bodleian Library of Oxford University. (His granddaughter was Venetia Burney, below.)
Felissa Rose Esposito (b. 1969) – actress.
Feramorz Little (b. 1820) – mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah from 1876 to 1882.
Fidelis Morgan (b. 1952) – English stage actress.
Filippo “Lippo” Lippi (b. 1406) – Italian painter.
Fiorello Henry LaGuardia (b. 1882) – U.S. Representative from New York. (Later the Mayor of New York.)
Foxhall A. Parker (b. 1821) – U.S. Navy officer during the American Civil War. (His father was also a Foxhall, and he had a brother named Dangerfield.)
Ghillean Tolmie Prance (b. 1937) – British botanist and ecologist.
Ginery Twichell (b. 1811) – U.S. Representative from Massachusetts.
Glendy Burke – mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana in 1865. The Stephen Foster song Glendy Burke is about a steamboat that was probably named for the mayor.
Godlove Stein Orth (b. 1817) – U.S. Representative from Indiana.
Gouverneur Morris (b. 1752) – U.S. Senator from New York.
Goyn A. Sutton (b. 1816) – mayor of Springfield, Illinois from 1860 to 1864.
Green Berry Raum (b. 1829) – U.S. Representative from Illinois.
Green Clay (b. 1757) – Kentucky politician.
Grlenntys Chief Kickingstallionsims (b. 1986) – Alabama State University basketball player.
Gwethalyn Graham (b. 1913) – Canadian writer and activist.
Halifax Shackleton (b. circa 1895) – 16-year-old girl born in Halifax, Yorkshire, according to the 1911 England and Wales census.
Hanelle M. Culpepper – American filmmaker.
Harmanus Peek (b. 1782) – U.S. Representative from New York.
Hawthorne Wingo – New York Knicks player during the 1970s. (Discovered this one in a Beastie Boys song, of all places.)
Heartsill Ragon (b. 1885) – U.S. Representative from Arkansas.
Hempstead Washburne (b. 1852) – mayor of Chicago, Illinois from 1891 to 1893.
Iley Lawson Hill (b. 1808) – from Ohio. One of the longest-living “Real Daughters” of the American Revolution, she died in 1913 at the age of 104.
Iorwith Wilbur Abel (b. 1908) – U.S. labor leader.
Isagani R. Cruz (b. 1945) – Filipino writer.
Isambard Kingdom Brunel (b. 1806) – English engineer who created the Great Western Railway, along with a number of steamships, bridges and tunnels.
Islin Auster (b. 1904) – U.S. film producer.
Ithamar Conkey Sloan (b. 1822) – U.S. Representative from Wisconsin.
Itimous Thaddeus Valentine (b. 1926) – U.S. Representative from North Carolina.
Itti Kinney Reno (b. 1862) – writer from Tennessee.
Jacobena Angliss (b. 1896) – Australian philanthropist.
Jacquemin (15th century) – brother of Jeanne d’Arc.
Jacquetta Hawkes (b. 1910) – British archaeologist and writer.
Ja Hu Stafford (b. 1834 in North Carolina) – early Arizona settler. His name was originally Jehu. He also went by “J. Hugh.”
Jascha Heifetz (b. 1901) – Lithuanian violinist.
Jawaharlal Nehru (b. 1889) – first Prime Minister of India. Served for 4 terms, from 1947 until 1964.
Jeduthun Wilcox (b. 1768) – U.S. Representative from New Hampshire.
Jeh (pronounced “Jay”) Charles Johnson (b. 1957) – politician from New York. His name “comes from a Liberian chief his grandfather met on a U.N. mission” according to the Washington Post.
Jettabee Ann Hopkins (b. 1905) – radio scriptwriter from Nebraska.
Jetur Rose Riggs (b. 1809) – U.S. Representative from New Jersey.
Jouett Shouse (b. 1879) – lawyer, newspaper publisher, and politician.
Sunshine Hillygus (b. circa 1976) – associate professor at Harvard.
Susybelle Wilkinson Lyons (b. 1923) – U.S. philanthropist.
Tammany Young (b. 1886) – U.S. stage and film actor.
Tapping Reeve (b. 1744) – law professor, jurist and writer. Opened the first law school in the United States.
Tazewell Ellett (b. 1856) – U.S. Representative from Virginia.
Tench Coxe (b. 1755) – U.S. Delegate from Pennsylvania.
Theophylact Bache (b. 1735) – merchant.
Thorowgood Smith (b. 1744) – mayor of Baltimore, Maryland from 1804 to 1808.
Thurl Arthur Ravenscroft (b. 1914) – U.S. actor and singer.
Tilghman Mayfield Tucker (b. 1802) – U.S. Representative from Mississippi. (Previously the Governor of Mississippi.)
Torquil Norman (b. 1933) – English philanthropist.
Trevanion W. Hugo (b. 1849) – mayor of Duluth, Minnesota from 1900 to 1903.
Trevenen Huxley (b. 1889) – Huxley brother (born after Julian, but before Aldous).
Twentyman Wood of Connecticut received U.S. patent 19,275 in 1858. (His name reminds me of Twentynine Palms, California.)
Uncas Aeneas Whitaker (b. 1900) – U.S. philanthropist.
Urbici Soler (b. 1890) – American sculptor.
Uz McMurtrie (b. 1884) – politician from Indiana.
Venetia Phair (née Burney, born in England in 1919) – she suggested the name for the planet Pluto when she was 11 years old. (Her grandfather was Falconer Madan, above.)
Verplanck Colvin (b. 1847) – lawyer, author and topographical engineer.
Verrazzani C. Bratton, Sr. (b. 1860) – Arkansas judge.
Vespasian Warner (b. 1842) – U.S. Representative from Illinois.
Victory Birdseye (b. 1782) – U.S. Representative from New York.
Volckert Petrus Douw (b. 1720) – mayor of Albany, New York from 1761 to 1770.
Voltairine de Cleyre (b. 1866) – anarchist and feminist.
Vyto J. Kab (b. 1959) – U.S. football player.
Waddy Thompson (b. 1798) – U.S. Representative from South Carolina.
Wambly Bald (b. 1902) – U.S. writer/columnist.
Waveney Bicker Caarten (b. 1902) – (female) English playwright.
Wellington Webb (b. 1941) – mayor of Denver, Colorado from 1991 to 2003.
Wentworth Miller (b. 1972) – American actor.
Whitemarsh B. Seabrook (b. 1793) – South Carolina politician.
Wigbolt Ripperda (b. circa 1535) – Governor of Haarlem (in the Netherlands) while the city was under siege by the Spanish army during the Eighty Years’ War.
Wilmot Redd (d. 1692) – one of the (female) victims of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692.
Wyke Bayliss (b. 1835) – British painter.
Wynkyn de Worde (d. 1534) – French printer. (The surname refers to a location in France, not words on the page, unfortunately.)
Xenophon P. Huddy (b. 1876) – American lawyer. An early specialist in automobile law.
Xenophon Pierce Wilfley (b. 1871) – U.S. Senator from Missouri.
Xiuhtezcatl (pronounced shu-tez-caht) Martinez (b. circa 2000) – environmental activist.
Yellow Light Breen (born in the 1970s) – lawyer and senior VP of Bangor Savings Bank.
Zackquill Morgan (18th cen.) – founder of Morgantown, West Virginia. Son of Morgan Morgan.
Zadock Pratt (b. 1790) – U.S. Representative from New York.
Zealous Tower (b. 1819) – American soldier and civil engineer.
Zell Bryan Miller (b. 1932) – U.S. Senator from Georgia. (Previously the Governor of Georgia.)
He may have been named with Swiss Reformation leader Huldrych Zwingli in mind.
Have you encountered any unusual or rare names lately? (In the phone book? In the paper? On TV?)
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